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Joanna Engelkemier
A labeled diagram of the external anatomy of a bird.
Additional information regarding terms as follows:
Crown - uppermost part of the head
Eyering - a colored circle surrounding the eye. (alt. eye-ring or eye ring)
Lore - the distance between the eye and the beak. This term is also used in fish and reptiles.
Upper mandible - the upper portion of the beak. (alt. upper beak, maxilla)
Lower mandible - the lower portion of the beak. (alt. lower beak)
Alula - projection of feathers on the edge of the wing. (alt. bastard wing)
Primary coverts - the set of feathers on the wing covering the primaries. These can be separated by the first, second and remaining rows as the greater, median and lesser primary coverts, respectively.
Flank - area on the side between the ribs and the hip
Hallux/hind toe - the "hallux" is actually the first digit of the foot, comparable to the "big toe" in humans. While the hallux is the hind toe in this specimen, the position of the digits differs according to the dactyly (arrangement of digits) of the bird species.
Tarsus - lower section of the leg, on a human this is comparable to the section from the ball of your foot to your heel
Tibia - upper section of the leg, on a human this is comparable to the lower half of your leg
Vent/cloaca - the singular excretory and genital opening
Undertail coverts - the set of feathers found under the tail
Uppertail coverts - the set of feathers covering the tail
Tail/rectrices - rectrices are tail feathers used to control direction in flight. (sing. rectrix)
Primaries - the set of feathers attached to the manus (the outermost part of a bird's wing). (alt. primary feathers)
Secondaries - the set of feathers attached to the ulna (the middle part of a bird's wing). (alt. secondary feathers)
Tertials - the set of feathers attached to the humerus (the innermost part of a bird's wing) or the innermost secondaries of some birds.
Secondary coverts - the set of feathers on the wing covering the secondaries. These can be separated by the first, second and remaining rows as the greater, median and lesser secondary coverts, respectively.
Scapulars - feathers found on the shoulder. (alt. scapular feathers)
Marginal coverts - the set of feathers covering the front edge of the wing.
Nape - back of the neck.
Occiput - back of the head
Auriculars/ear coverts - feathers surrounding the opening of the ear. (alt. ear patch)
Bird - External Anatomy
Copyright Joanna Engelkemier, all rights reserved
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bird
birds
avian
diagram
illustration
illustrated
label
labels
labeled
external
anatomy
external anatomy
vireo
white-eyed vireo
white eyed vireo
crown
eyering
eye-ring
eye ring
pupil
iris
lore
forehead
nostril
upper mandible
lower mandible
mandible
beak
bill
chin
throat
breast
alula
primary coverts
primary covert
greater coverts
greater covert
median coverts
median covert
lesser coverts
lesser covert
flank
belly
claw
claws
toe
toes
foot
feet
hallux
hind toe
tarsus
tibia
vent
cloaca
undertail coverts
tail
rectrices
rectrix
uppertail coverts
primaries
primary feathers
rump
secondaries
secondary feathers
tertials
back
secondary coverts
secondary covert
scapulars
scapular feathers
marginal coverts
marginal covert
nape
occiput
auriculars
ear coverts
ear patch
feather
feathers
eye
wing
All rights reserved, may not be reposted/redistributed.
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